Hydroponics is an emerging soil free agriculture, wherein plants are grown in nutrient solutions without soil. Hydroponic farming systems are getting very popular worldwide as these are highly productive/ profitable in less space. Urbanization, natural disaster, climate change, indiscriminate use of chemicals and pesticides that deplete the land fertility are restricting the soil cultivation of crops. Hydroponics is growing popular day by day because- it takes less time to grow the crops than conventional growing, round the year production, minimal disease and pest incidence and overall water conservation. Hydroponics appeals to people because they can control plant growth better in hydroponics system. Due to these reasons, in India, the hydroponic sector is growing immensely.

In this technique flowers, herbs, and vegetables are sown in growing media which is supplied with nutrients, oxygen, and water. This technique promotes profuse growth and development, better yields, and superior quality. A plant grown in soil constantly sorts out the required nutrition from soil to support its growth and development, while, a hydroponic plant grown in nutrient solution, doesn't ought to exert extra energy in sustaining itself. The energy the roots would have exhausted exploiting food and water, now will be redirected into the plant’s own growth and development. As a result, leaf growth as well as fruits and blooming prospers.

Plants sustain themselves by a method referred to as Photosynthesis. In this process, plants capture daylight with the help of the green pigment called as chlorophyll (an inexperienced pigment gift in their leaves). They use the light’s energy to separate water molecules they’ve absorbed via their root system. Then the absorbed Carbon Di Oxide with water molecule forms the food — carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll; that plants use to nourish themselves. In this process, Oxygen is released into the atmosphere, a vital source for the habitability of our planet. So, plants need the soil for water and nutrients only. Hence, when nutrients and water are supplied directly to the plant’s root system in Hydroponics technology, it can be more effective and versatile method of growth than traditional irrigation.